Politics

🚧 Under construction 🚧

Republic

The emperor is elected by the army & voted in by the senate, & thus hailed as Augustus. The emperor would appoint his heir as co-emperor, so this is only occurs when there is no emperor, or when a man seeks to usurp power.

The emperor is the living law (nómos émpsychos), benefactor (euergétis), caretaker (philanthrōpía), & saviour (sōtḗr) of his subjects (párœcos). The entire country & all that which is found in it is his household (œcuménē), & he is the house-lawmaker (œconómos). His subjects are able to own industry, trade, & otherwise do anything else in the republic by virtue of the emperor’s authority. So it is impossible to, e.g., bribe him, because he owns all of the money—bearing either his name & face, or that of his father—which he can then take at will.

The senate is seated by some thousand members, all of which are dignitaries & administrators. To be in the senate is to be, & have one’s relatives by extension be, noble—i.e. not plebeian.

The empire is composed of diœceses (diœ́cēsis), which in turn are composed of provinces (théma, eparchía). Provinces are jurisdictions of & around cities, ruled by the governor. The prefect—or duke, or captain—then rules over the governors. Of course, the emperor rules over the prefects.

Many later governments, such as of Russia, were originally structured like a lesser Roman principality. So their princes or kings were never elected but, rather, like the senate, followed the order & precedence of noble houses.

Kingdoms

According to Christians, the first kingdom after upon the earth after the deluge was of Nebrod. Before him, the whole world was ruled by Noe, then his son Sem, then after him Arphaxad.

Nebrod founded four cities in Senaar (i.e. Mesopotamia): Babylon, Orech, Archad (i.e. Nisibis), & Chalanne (i.e. Ctesiphon). Ur (i.e. Camarina)—where some say Abraham was born—was located south of Orech.

It needs must be said that Senaar & Orech are contemporaneously called “Sumeria” & “Uruk” (whence “Iraq”), & Archad, “Accad”. “Sumerians”, then, are the ancient Chaldæans, not to be confused with the later Assyrians of Babylon.

According to the Lesser Genesis, the tower at Babel was in height five-thousand & thirty-three cubits & two palms (8,150 ft., or 1 3/5 mi.), in width thirteen stadia (7,800 ft., or 1 1/2 mi.), & built during forty-three years. According to Flavius Joseph: It was built of burnt brick, cemented together with mortar made of bitumen.

Babylonia

Beginning from the Tower at Babel:

Arabian

Assyrian

Medæn

Chaldæan

Nerigolosor was overthrown by Nabonnedus Assureus (Darius Astyages), the Mede, who ruled until 4959 AM, when the Persian king Cyrus conquered Babylon.

Ægypt

Beginning from the Tower at Babel:

The Chaldæan king Nabuchodonosor defeated Nechao, & subjugated Ægypt to Babylon. But it was the Persian king Cambyses who overthrew Amosis & conquered Ægypt.

Beginning from the second year of the Persian king Darius Nothus, the Ægyptians rebelled:

Nectanebo fled Ægypt to Macedonia where he secretly sired Alexander the Great.

Israel

Judges

Beginning from the Israelites entrance into Palæstine:

Kings

…

The Hebrews were a nation from Abraham, himself being of the Chaldæans. Their name means “to cross,” in reference to when he crossed the river Euphrates out of the Chaldæes into Chanaan. They were then divided into twelve tribes according to the children of Israel (Jacob).

According to Christians, the Hebrews were given over to annihilation by God (cf. Dan. 9:26) in 5579 AM under the Roman emperor Titus. This prophecized event, unlike the Ægyptian servitude (cf. Gen. 15:13) or the Assyrian exile (cf. Esa. 39:6-7, Jer. 25:11-12), has no term given. Eusebius Pamphilius tells us of how they were destroyed:

Titus beseiged the Jews, devastated Jerusalem, & killed sixty thousand men. [Flavius] Joseph also says one million & one hundred thousands perished by famine & the sword, but another thirty thousands of the captives were sold off. He states the feast of Passover was responsible for the great number of people which happened to be at the city. During the festival, the whole nation had come together & were hemmed into the city as if they were in a prison. For it was necessary that those who had plotted against the Saviour during the days of Passover should suffer punishment for what they had dared at no other time but then.

Persia

Achmæmenid

The Persians are named after the Greek king Perseus, the father of Achæmenes, who was the father of Teïspes the father of Cyrus.

When Perseus married Andromeda, the daughter of Cepheus the king of Æthiopia (of Asia, i.e. Phœnicia), which had no heir, Perseus left his first son, Perses. He went on to conquer Ælam, & was called by them Achæmenes.

Beginning from Cyrus’ conquest of Babylon:

The Greek king Alexander conquered Persepolis & overthrew Darius (son of Aramus).

The later Parthians began with Arsaces (5442 AM), descendent of Artaxerxes Mnemon, & ended with Artabanus (5733 AM), when he fell to the Persian Artaxares, son of Sasanus.

The later Persians, also called the Sasanians, began with Artaxares (5756 AM), son of Sasanus, & ended with Hormisdas (6782 AM), when he fell to the Hagarene Umar.

Panodorus of Alexandria, whose chronology the whole world uses, counts the reign of the Persian king Cyrus as nine years longer than the renowned George Syncellus. Therefore, for any given date by Syncellus after Cyrus, add nine years.

Greeks

Sicyonian

Beginning from Nachor’s seventy sixth year:

After Zeuxippus, the priests of Carnius ruled the Sicyonians, until 4238 AM.

Agrive

Beginning from the Assyrian king Bascheleus’ third year:

The Ægyptian king Danaus (Armæus), when overthrown by his brother Ægypticus, fled to Greece & overthrew Sthenelus.

Danaan

Pelopennesian

After Orestes, the sons of Hyllus, son of Hercules—also called the Dorians—conquered the Pelopennese.

Lacedæmonian

Corinthian

After Alcamenes & Automenes, an annual succession of kings followed.

Athenians

Cecrops the Double-natured’s depiction as half-man & half-serpent, according to some, signify being of two tongues, i.e. Greek & Ægyptian.

After the kings, the archons follow:

…

Macedonian

After Philip II, Alexander the Great became king of Macedonia & conquered the world.

Alexandrian

Beginning from Alexander’s conquest of Babylon:

The Roman dictator Julius Cæsar subjugated Alexandria to Rome, but it was Cæsar Augustus who overthrew Cleopatra & conquered Alexandria.

As for the other partitions of Alexander’s empire:

The Macedonian dynasty began with Arrhidæus (5187 AM), & ended with Perseus (5343 AM), when he fell to the Roman consul Æmilius Marcus.

The Asian dynasty began with Antigonus (5198 AM), & ended with Demetrius Poliorcetes (5217 AM), when he fell to Seleucus Nicanor.

The Antiochian dynasty, also called the Seleucidæ, began with Seleucus Nicanor (5213 AM), & ended with Antiochus Cyzicenus (5395 AM), when he fell to the Roman consul Pompey the Great.

Romans

Latin

Beginning from the conquest of Troy:

Roman

Tullus Hostilius was the first to don the purple mantle & hold a royal sceptre.

Consuls

…

Julian

Cæsar Augustus was the first to be called emperor.

Flavian

Nervan

Non-dynastic:

Severan

Non-dynastic:

Constantinian

Non-dynastic:

Only the gentiles remember Julian the Apostate (5871 AM) as an emperor. Christians omit his name.

Valentinian

Theodosian

Leonid

Justinian

Non-dynastic:

Heraclian

Non-dynastic:

Syrian

Nicephorian

Non-dynastic:

Phrygian

Macedonian

Non-dynastic:

Ducan

Comnenian

Angelian

Lascarian

Palæologan

The Turkish ruler Mohamet II overthrew Constantine Dragases Palæologus & took Constantinople, but the senate fled to the Russian prince John the Great.

The last place the Palæologan state ruled after the fall of Constantinople was a principality in Mangup, Crimea. It was a remnant of the despotat of Trapezunt, which in turn was under a branch of the Comnenian dynasty. The last ruler of Trapezunt was St. David Comnenus (†6972 AM). The last ruler of Theodoro was an Alexander Palæologus, son of an Isaac Palæologus (†6984 AM).

Russians

Princes

Beginning from Emperor Michael the Drunkard’s fourth year:

Ryurik was invited to rule the Slavs at Novgorod. Oleg the Seer was the first to rule from Kiev.

Grand Princes

…

Emperors

Non-dynastic:

It needs be said John the Terrible was not the first to take the name emperor, but only the first explicitly crowned so. John the Great took the name emperor when he married Sophia Palæologue—daughter of Thomas Palæologus, brother of Constantine Dragases Palæologus. Prior, St. Vladimir the Great, married Anna, daughter of Romanus II. Thus according to Christians, Moscow is the heir to the mantle (chlamýs) of St. Constantine. This is signified by the crown of Monomakh’, which was given to St. Vladimir Monomakh’ by Constantine Monomachus when the former wedded a relative of the latter. It was Basil (Barlaam in monasticism) who was told by Philotheus of Pskov (†7051 AM):

Two Romes have fallen. The third stands. And there will not be a fourth. No one will replace your Christian empire!

Romanov

After St. Nicholas Romanov the Passion-bearer, Russia was subjected to the Bolshevik yoke until 7500 AM.

Presidents

According to Christians, the Mother of God revealed to Eudocia of Kolomenskoe an icon of her enthroned, which is interpreted as meaning she is reigning as empress. Theophan of Poltava (†7448 AM)—who was the father-confessor of St. Nicholas the Passion-bearer—said:

The people themselves will restore the Orthodox monarchy. A mighty emperor will be placed upon the throne by God Himself. … He will be of the Romanov dynasty, through the maternal line.

Nations

The nation (éthnos), also called race, is a union of tribes (phylḗ), also called stock, which in turn is of families (génos), also called clans.

This union is properly & strictly of language (glō̂ssa). The union of stock may be be of ancestry. But bodily features & culture are accidental to nationality & tribe.

The natio of nation is in reference to the language of one’s natus, but in Greek these words (phylḗ, phýō) are used for hereditary tribes instead, but again, in our language tribus strictly means a part of the nation. The éthō of éthnos is in our language mos.

It needs must be stated the purpose of the following project: to enumerate all the nations as defined, i.e. according to the number of the grandsons of Noe. Since the time of the tower at Babel many nations have ceased to exist, being assumed by others, & still many more have become, insofar as dialects of a language become mutually unintelligible.

Presented are four columns:
I. The grandson of Noe.
II. The nation identified by Flavius Joseph, who SS. Jerome & Isidore of Seville follow.
III. The nation identified by St. Hippolytus of Rome, who George Syncellus & St. Theophanes the Confessor follow, drawing from the Lesser Genesis.
IV. The contemporary nation which I identify them as.

For Academic linguistics, see the linguistics page.

Japheth

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Gamer Celts Cappadocians 🇮🇪 Celts
Magog Scythians Celts 🇹🇷 Turks
Madœ Medes id. 🇮🇷 Iranians
Jovan Greeks id. 🇬🇷 Greeks
Elisa ——— ——— ———
Thobel Iberians Thessalians 🇬🇪 Georgians
Mosoch Cappadocians Illyrians (🇹🇷 Cappadocians)
Thiras Thracians id. (🇧🇬 Thracians)
🇮🇪 Celts
Also called the Gauls & Senones.
Includes the 🇮🇪 Irish.
Properly, Hibernians, & also called the Scotti.
Includes the Gæls of 🇬🇧 Britian.
Also called the Picts.
Includes the Manx of 🇬🇧 Britain.
Includes the Welsh of 🇬🇧 Britain.
Properly, Britons.
Includes the Cornish of 🇬🇧 Britain.
Includes the Bretons of 🇫🇷 France.
Included the Celtiberians of 🇪🇸 Spain.
Included the Galicians of 🇪🇸 Spain.
Included the Asturians of 🇪🇸 Spain.
Included the Helvetians of 🇨🇭 Switzerland.
Included the Umbrians of 🇮🇹 Itlay.
Also called the Sabines.
Included the Marsians of 🇮🇹 Itlay.
Also called the Oscians.
Included the Galatians of 🇬🇷 Greece.
🇹🇷 Turks
Called pars pro toto, & also called the Tartars, Huns, Massagetæ, & Scythians.
Includes the 🇹🇷 Turks.
Included the Amazons of 🇹🇷 Turkey.
Included the Parthians of 🇮🇷 Iran.
Included the Pečenegs of 🇭🇺 Hungary.
Included the Bulgars of 🇧🇬 Bulgaria.
Included the Chazars of 🇷🇺 Russia.
Includes the Siberians of 🇷🇺 Russia.
Includes the 🇦🇿 Azerbaijanis.
Properly, Atropatians.
Includes the 🇰🇿 Kazakhs.
Includes the 🇹🇲 Turkmen.
Includes the 🇰🇬 Kyrgyz.
Includes the 🇺🇿 Uzbeks.
Includes the 🇲🇳 Mongols.
Includes the 🇰🇵 Koreans.
Properly, Mucri.
Includes the 🇰🇷 South Koreans.
Includes the 🇯🇵 Japanese.
Includes the Uyghurs of 🇨🇳 China.
🇮🇷 Iranians
Properly, Arians, & also called the Medes, & pars pro toto called the Persians.
Absorbed the Persians of 🇮🇷 Iran.
Also called the Ælamites.
Includes the Curds of 🇹🇷 Turkey.
Includes the 🇹🇯 Tajiks.
Includes the 🇦🇫 Afghanis.
Includes the Baluchis of 🇵🇰 Pakistan.
🇬🇷 Greeks
Also called the Macedonians, Thessalians, Hellenes, & Ionians.
Includes the 🇨🇾 Cypriots.
Properly, Cyprians.
Included the Pelasgians of 🇮🇹 Italy.
Absorbed the Rhodians of 🇬🇷 Greece.
Absorbed the Cretans of 🇬🇷 Greece.
Included the Lycians of 🇹🇷 Turkey.
Absorbed the Cappadocians of 🇹🇷 Turkey.
Absorbed the Lydians of 🇹🇷 Turkey.
🇬🇪 Georgians
Also called the Colchians & Iberians (of the Caucasus).

Gamer

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Aschanaz Rheginians Sarmatians 🇩🇪 Germans
Riphath Paphlagonians Sauromatians 🇷🇺 Slavs
Thorgama Phrygians Armenians 🇦🇲 Armenians
🇩🇪 Germans
Also called the Rheginians & so called the Sarmatians.
The first division, the Normans:
Also called the Ingævones.
Includes the 🇸🇪 Swedes.
Also called the Varangians & Teutons.
Includes the 🇳🇴 Norwegians.
Includes the 🇮🇸 Icelanders.
Includes the 🇩🇰 Danes.
Also called the Jutes & Cimbri.
Includes the 🇬🇱 Greenlanders.
Includes the 🇫🇴 Faroese.
Includes the 🇬🇧 English.
Properly, Angles, & Also called the Saxons, Chauci, & Thuringians.
Includes the 🇺🇸 Americans.
Includes the 🇨🇦 Canadians.
Includes the 🇦🇺 Australians.
Includes the 🇳🇿 New Zealanders.
Includes the Frisians of 🇳🇱 Netherlands.
The second division, the Goths:
Called pars pro toto, & also called Herminones.
Included the Goths of 🇷🇺 Russia.
Included the Gepids of 🇭🇺 Hungary.
Included the Ostrogoths of 🇮🇹 Italy.
Included the Visigoths of 🇪🇸 Sapin.
Included the Vandals of 🇹🇳 Tunisia.
Included the Burgundians of 🇫🇷 France.
Included the Lombards of 🇮🇹 Italy.
The third division, the Germans:
Also called the Istvæones.
Includes the 🇳🇱 Dutch.
Properly, Hollanders, & also called Fraconians.
Includes the 🇧🇪 Belgians.
Also called the Flemings.
Includes the 🇱🇺 Luxembourgish.
Includes the 🇩🇪 Germans.
Also called the Alamanni & Suebi.
Includes the 🇦🇹 Austrians.
Also called the Bavarians.
Includes the 🇨🇭 Swiss.
Aslo called the Helvetians.
Includes the 🇱🇮 Liechtensteiners.
🇷🇺 Slavs
Called pars pro toto the Veneti, & also called the Sauromatians & Sarmatians.
The first division, the Veneti:
Includes the 🇸🇰 Slovachians.
Also called the Bohemians, Moravians, & Silesians.
Includes the 🇨🇿 Czechs.
Includes the 🇵🇱 Poles.
Also called the Lechs & Pomeranians.
Includes the Sorbians of 🇩🇪 Germany.
Also called the Lusatian & White Serbs.
Includes the 🇱🇹 Lithuanians.
Also called the Prussians & Balts.
Includes the 🇱🇻 Latvians.
The second division, the Antes:
Includes the 🇷🇺 Russians.
Also called the Velikorussians.
Includes the 🇧🇾 Belorussians.
Includes the 🇺🇦 Ukrainians.
Properly, Malorussians.
The third division, the Sclaveni:
Includes the 🇧🇬 Bulgarians.
Absorbed the Thracians of 🇧🇬 Bulgaria.
Included the Dacians of 🇷🇴 Romania.
Also called the Getæ.
Includes the 🇲🇰 North Macedonians.
Includes the 🇷🇸 Serbians.
Includes the 🇲🇪 Montenegrins.
Includes the 🇧🇦 Bosnians.
Includes the 🇭🇷 Croatians.
Includes the 🇸🇮 Slovenes.
Also called the Carantanians.
Included the Paphlagonians of 🇹🇷 Turkey.
🇦🇲 Armenians
Included the Phrygians of 🇹🇷 Turkey.

Jovan

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Elisa Æolians Sicilians (🇮🇹 Sicilians)
Tharsis Cilicians Tyrrhenians (🇮🇹 Tuscans)
Cetians Cetians Latins 🇮🇹 Latins
Rhodians Rhodians id. (🇬🇷 Rhodians)
🇮🇹 Latins
Also called the Romans, Trojans, Dardanians, & Cetians.
Includes the 🇮🇹 Italians.
Absorbed the Sicilians of 🇮🇹 Italy.
Included the Elisæans 🇹🇷 Turkey. : Also called the Æolians.
Absorbed the Tuscans of 🇮🇹 Italy.
Also called the Etruscans, Rasenna, & Tyrrhenians, & so called the Lydians.
Included the Iberians of 🇪🇸 Spain.
Properly, Spaniards.
Included Cilicians of 🇹🇷 Turkey.
Includes the 🇸🇲 Sammarinese.
Includes the 🇪🇸 Spaniards.
Called pars pro toto, & also called the Castilians.
Includes the 🇨🇺 Cubans.
Includes the 🇲🇽 Mexicans.
Includes the 🇬🇹 Guatemalans.
Includes the 🇩🇴 Dominicans.
Includes the 🇵🇷 Puerto Ricans.
Includes the 🇸🇻 Salvadorans.
Includes the 🇭🇳 Hondurans.
Includes the 🇳🇮 Nicaraguans.
Includes the 🇨🇷 Costa Ricans.
Includes the 🇵🇦 Panamanians.
Includes the 🇨🇴 Colombians.
Includes the 🇻🇪 Venezuelans.
Includes the 🇪🇨 Ecuadorians.
Includes the 🇵🇪 Peruvians.
Includes the 🇧🇴 Bolivians.
Includes the 🇨🇱 Chilians.
Includes the 🇵🇾 Paraguayans.
Includes the 🇺🇾 Uruguayans.
Includes the 🇦🇷 Argentinians.
Includes the 🇵🇹 Portuguese.
Includes the 🇧🇷 Brazilians.
Includes the 🇬🇼 Guineans.
Includes the 🇦🇴 Angolans.
Includes the 🇲🇿 Mozambicans.
Includes the 🇨🇻 Cape Verdeans.
Includes the 🇸🇹 Santomeans.
Includes the 🇹🇱 East Timorese.
Includes the 🇦🇩 Andorrans.
Also called the Valencians & Catalans.
Includes the 🇫🇷 French.
Includes the Walloons of 🇧🇪 Belgium.
Includes the 🇲🇨 Monacans.
Includes the Quebecois of 🇨🇦 Canada.
Includes the 🇸🇳 Senegalese.
Includes the 🇬🇳 Guineans.
Includes the 🇨🇮 Ivorians.
Includes the 🇹🇬 Togolese.
Includes the 🇧🇯 Beninese.
Includes the 🇬🇦 Gabonese.
Includes the 🇨🇩 Congolese.
Includes the 🇷🇴 Romanians.
Also called the Wallachians.
Includes the 🇲🇩 Moldovans.

Cham

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Chus Æthiopians id. 🇸🇩 Nubians
Mesraïn Ægpytians id. (🇪🇬 Copts)
Phud Libyans id. 🇲🇦 Berbers
Chanaan Chanaanites id. (🇸🇾 Chanaanites)
🇪🇹 Æthiopians
Also called the Axumites, Abyssinians, Indians (of Arabia), Arabians, & Sabæans.
Includes the 🇪🇷 Eritreans
Properly, Erythræans.
🇲🇦 Berbers
Also called the Moors, Numidians, & Libyans.
Absorbed the Getulians of 🇩🇿 Algeria.

Chus

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Saba Sabæans ——— 🇪🇹 Æthiopians
Evila Getuli ——— (🇩🇿 Getulians)
Sabatha Astaborans ——— (🇪🇹 Astaborans)
Rhegma ——— ———
Sabathaca ——— ———
🇪🇬 Nubians
Also called the Æthiopians & Chusites.

Rhegma

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Saba Sabæans ———
Dadan Judadæans ———

Mesraïn

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Ludiim ——— Lydians
Nephthalim ——— ———
Enemetiim ——— Pamphylians
Labiim Libyans id.
Patrosoniim ——— Lycians (🇬🇷 Cretans)
Chasmoniim Palæstinians id. (🇵🇸 Palæstinians)
Gaphthoriim ——— Cilicians

Chanaan

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Sidon Sidonians id. (🇸🇾 Phœnicians)
Chettite ——— ——— (🇵🇸 Chettites)
Jebusite ——— ——— (🇵🇸 Jebusites)
Amorite ——— ——— (🇵🇸 Amorites)
Girgasite ——— ——— (🇵🇸 Girgasites)
Evite ——— ——— (🇵🇸 Evites)
Arucite Libani id. (🇸🇾 Arucites)
Asennite ——— ——— (🇸🇾 Asennites)
Aradian Aradians id. (🇸🇾 Aradians)
Samaræan ——— ——— (🇸🇾 Samaræans)
Amathite Amathites id. (🇸🇾 Amathites)

Sem

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Ælam Persians id. (🇮🇷 Persians)
Assur Assyrians id. (🇮🇶 Assyrians)
Arphaxad Chaldæans id. (🇮🇶 Chaldæans)
Lud Lydians Alazones (🇹🇷 Lydians)
Aram Syrians id. 🇮🇶 Assyrians
Cainan ——— ———
🇮🇶 Assyrians
Called pars pro toto, as well as Chaldæans, & also called the Aramæans.
Absorbed the Assyrians of 🇮🇶 Iraq.
Also called the Archadians.
Absorbed the Chaldæans of 🇮🇶 Iraq.
Also called the Babylonians & Chasdæans.
Absorbed the Hebrews 🇵🇸 Palæstine.
Absorbed the Chanaanites of 🇸🇾 Syria.
Included the Phœnicians of 🇸🇾 Syria.
Also called the Sidonians.
Included the Punes of 🇹🇳 Tunisia.
Also called the Africans & Carthaginians.
Included the Chettites of 🇵🇸 Palæstine.
Included the Jebusites of 🇵🇸 Palæstine.
Included the Amorites of 🇵🇸 Palæstine.
Included the Girgasites of 🇵🇸 Palæstine.
Included the Evites of 🇵🇸 Palæstine.
Included the Arucites of 🇸🇾 Syria.
Also called the Tripolitanians & Libani.
Included the Asennites of 🇸🇾 Syria.
Included the Aradians of 🇸🇾 Syria.
Included the Samaræans of 🇸🇾 Syria.
Also called the Orthosians & Cœlesyrians.
Included the Amathite of 🇸🇾 Syria.
Absorbed the Palæstinians of 🇵🇸 Palæstine.
Also called the Philistines.
Included the Samaritans of 🇵🇸 Palæstine.

Aram

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Uz Trachonitis id.
Ul Armenains Colchians
Gater Bactrians ———
Mosoch Mesanæans id.

Arphaxad

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Cainan ——— E. Sarmatians
Sala ——— ———
Eber Hebrews id. 🇸🇾 Arabs
Jectan Indians ——— 🇮🇳 Indians
🇸🇾 Arabs
Also called the Nabatæans, Saracens, Hagarenes, & Ismaelites.
Includes the 🇪🇬 Ægyptians.
Absorbed the Copts of 🇪🇬 Ægypt.
Includes 🇸🇾 Syrians.
Also called the Levantine Arabs.
Includes the 🇱🇧 Lebanese Arabs.
Includes the 🇯🇴 Jordanian Arabs.
Includes the 🇵🇸 Palæstinian Arabs.
Includes the 🇸🇦 Gulf Arabs.
Includes the 🇮🇶 Iraqese.
Propely, Orechans.
Includes the 🇾🇪 Yemenites.
Includes the 🇴🇲 Omanese.
Includes the 🇶🇦 Catarans.
Includes the 🇧🇭 Bahreinese.
Properly, Tylans.
Includes the 🇰🇼 Kuwaitese.
Properly, Larissans.
Includes the 🇦🇪 Emiratese.
Includes 🇱🇾 Libyans.
Also called the Maghrebese.
Includes the 🇹🇳 Tunisians.
Includes the 🇲🇷 Mauritanians.
Includes the 🇩🇿 Algerians.
Includes the 🇲🇦 Moroccans.
Includes the 🇪🇭 Western Saharans.
Includes the 🇸🇩 Sudanese.
Includes the 🇲🇹 Maltese.
🇮🇳 Indians
Includes the 🇵🇰 Pakistanis.
Includes the 🇧🇩 Bengalis.
Properly, Gangarides.
Includes the 🇳🇵 Nepalese.
Included the Brachmins of 🇮🇳 India.
Also called the Gymnosophists.
Includes the 🇱🇰 Sinhalese.
Properly, Ceylonese, & also called the Taprobanians.
Includes the 🇲🇻 Maldivians.

Jectan

Patriarch Josephus Hippolytus Nation
Elmodad ——— Indians
Saleth ——— Bactrians
Sarmoth ——— Arabians
Jarach ——— Carmanians
Hodorrha ——— Mardi
Æbel ——— Arians
Decla ——— Gedrosians
Eval ——— Scythians
Abimael ——— Hyrcanians
Saba ——— “Alamosini”
Huphir ——— Homerites
Evila ——— Gymnosophists
Jobab ——— ———

Countries

Europe

Country State
Hibernia 🇮🇪 Ireland
Britain 🇬🇧 Britain
Hispania 🇪🇸 Spain
Gallia 🇫🇷 France
Belgia 🇧🇪 Belgium
Germania Inferior 🇳🇱 Netherlands
Germania Superior 🇩🇪 Germany
Helvetia 🇨🇭 Switzerland
Italia 🇮🇹 Italy
Noricum 🇦🇹 Austria
Pannonia 🇭🇺 Hungary
Dalmatia 🇷🇸 Serbia
Scandza 🇸🇪 Sweden
Sarmatia Europea 🇷🇺 Russia
Bohemia 🇸🇰 Slovachia
Dacia 🇷🇴 Romania
Thracia 🇧🇬 Bulgaria
Macedonia 🇬🇷 Greece
🇮🇪 Ireland
Properly, Hibernia.
🇬🇧 Britain
Also called Albion.
Contains Wales.
Properly, Cambria.
Contains England.
Properly, Anglia.
Contains Scotland.
Properly, Scotia, & also called Caledonia.
🇪🇸 Spain
Also called Iberia (of Europe).
Contains Hispania Tarraconensis.
Contains Hispania Bætica.
Includes 🇵🇹 Portugal.
Also called Hispania Lusitania.
Includes 🇦🇩 Andorra.
🇫🇷 France
Also called Gaul.
Contains Gallia Lugdunensis.
Also called Gallia Celtica.
Contains Gallia Aquitania.
Contains Gallia Viennensis.
Contains Corsica.
Also called Cyrnus.
Includes 🇲🇨 Monaca.
🇳🇱 Netherlands
Also called Holland.
Includes 🇱🇺 Luxembourg.
🇩🇪 Germany
Includes 🇩🇰 Denmark.
🇨🇭 Switzerland
Properly, Helvetia.
Contains Vindelicia.
Also called Rætia.
🇮🇹 Italy
Also called Latium.
Contains Gallia Cisalpina.
Contains Sardinia.
Contains Sicily.
Includes 🇸🇮 Slovenia.
🇦🇹 Austria
Also called Noricum.
Includes 🇱🇮 Liechtenstein
Properly, Lichtenstenum.
🇭🇺 Hungary
Also callee Pannonia.
🇸🇪 Sweden
Also called Scandza.
Includes 🇳🇴 Norway.
🇷🇺 Russia
Also called Sarmatia.
Includes 🇧🇾 Belarus.
Properly, Belorussia.
Includes 🇺🇦 Ukraine.
Properly, Malorussia, & also called Cherson, Gotthia, Scythia (of Europe) & Taurica.
Includes 🇵🇱 Poland.
Properly, Polonia, & also called Lechia.
Includes 🇱🇹 Lithuania.
Includes 🇱🇻 Latvia.
Also called Livonia.
Includes 🇪🇪 Estonia.
Includes 🇫🇮 Finland.
Properly, Æstia.
🇸🇰 Slovachia
Also called Bohemia.
Includes 🇨🇿 Czechia.
🇷🇴 Romania
Also called Dacia.
Includes 🇲🇩 Moldova.
🇷🇸 Serbia
:Also called Dalmatia & Illyricum.
Contains Mœsia.
Includes 🇽🇰 Kosovo.
Includes 🇲🇪 Montenegro.
Includes 🇭🇷 Croatia.
Includes 🇧🇦 Bosnia.
Includes 🇦🇱 Albania.
🇧🇬 Bulgaria
Also called Thrace.
Includes 🇲🇰 North Macedonia.
🇬🇷 Greece
Also called Macedon.
Contains Epirus.
Contains Achæa.
Also called Attica & Hellas.
Contains the Pelopponesus.
Contains Crete.

Africa

Country State
Mauretania Tingitana 🇲🇦 Morocco
Mauretania Cæsariensis 🇩🇿 Algeria
Africa Proconsularis 🇹🇳 Tunisia
Libya 🇱🇾 Libya
Ægyptia 🇪🇬 Ægypt
Æthiopia 🇪🇹 Æthiopia
🇲🇦 Morocco
Properly, Mauretania.
🇩🇿 Algeria
Also called Numidia.
🇱🇾 Libya
Also called Marmarica.
Contains Pentapolis.
Also called Cyrenæca.
🇪🇬 Ægypt
Contains Marea.
Also called Mareotis.
Contains Thebaïd.
🇪🇹 Æthiopia
Also called Axum.
Includes 🇪🇷 Eritrea.
Includes 🇸🇩 Sudan
Includes 🇸🇸 South Sudan.
Includes 🇸🇴 Somalia.
Includes 🇩🇯 Djibouti.

Asia

Country State
Pontus 🇹🇷 Turkey
Sarmatia Asiatica 🇷🇺 Russia
Iberia 🇬🇪 Georgia
Albania 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan
Armenia 🇦🇲 Armenia
Cyprus 🇨🇾 Cyprus
Syria 🇸🇾 Syria
Palæstina 🇵🇸 Palæstine
Arabia Petræa 🇯🇴 Jordan
Arabia Deserta 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia
Arabia Felix 🇾🇪 Yemen, 🇴🇲 Oman
Mesopotamia 🇮🇶 Iraq
Parthia 🇮🇷 Iran
Margiana 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan
Sogdiana 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan
Bactriana 🇮🇷 Iran
Scythia 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan
Serica 🇨🇳 China
India Intra Gangem 🇮🇳 India
India Extra Gangem 🇧🇩 Bengal
Taprobane 🇱🇰 Sri Lanka
Chersonesus Aurea 🇲🇾 Malaysia, 🇹🇭 Thailand
🇹🇷 Turkey
Properly, Turcia, & also called the Pontus & Bithynia.
Contains Anatolia.
Also called Asia Minor.
Contains Galatia.
Contains Cappadocia.
Contains Cilicia.
Contains Pamphylia.
Also called Lycia.
🇬🇪 Georgia
Also called Iberia (of the Caucasus).
Contains Lazica.
Also called Colchis.
🇦🇿 Azerbaijan
Properly, Albania.
🇸🇾 Syria
Also called Aramæa.
Includes 🇱🇧 Lebanon.
Properly, Libanus, & also called Phœnicia, & Sidon.
🇵🇸 Palæstine
Also called Juedæa & Chanaan.
🇯🇴 Jordan
Also called Arabia Petræa & Nabatæa.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia
Also called Arabia Deserta.
Contains 🇶🇦 Qatar.
Properly, Catara.
Contains the 🇦🇪 Emirates.
🇾🇪 Yemen, 🇴🇲 Oman
Also called Arabia Felix & India (of Arabia).
🇮🇶 Iraq
Properly, Orech, & also called Mesopotamia & Assyria.
Contains Babylonia.
Also called the Chaldæes.
Contains 🇰🇼 Kuwait.
Properly, Larissa.
🇮🇷 Iran
Properly, Aria, & also called Persia & Media.
Contains Susiana.
Also called Ælam.
Contains Persis.
Contains Carmania.
Contains Hyrcania.
Contains Drangiana.
Includes 🇹🇯 Tajikistan.
Includes 🇦🇫 Afghanistan.
Properly, Bactria.
Contains Ariana.
Contains Arachosia.
Contains Drangiana.
Includes 🇧🇭 Bahrein.
Properly, Tylos.
🇹🇲 Turkmenistan
Properly, Margiana.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan
Properly, Sogdiana.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan
Properly, Scythia (of Asia).
🇨🇳 China
Properly, Serica, & also called Cathay.
Includes 🇹🇼 Taiwan.
Properly, Formosa.
🇮🇳 India
Also called India Intra Gangem.
Includes 🇵🇰 Pakistan.
Properly, Gedrosia.
Contains the Paropanisus.
🇧🇩 Bengal
Also called India Extra Gangem.
Contains 🇳🇵 Nepal.
Contains 🇧🇹 Bhutan.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka
Properly, Ceylon, & also called Taprobane.

Chronicles

Years

Event Year
Genesis 1 AM
Flood of Noe 2242 AM
Tower at Babel 2776 AM
Flood of Ogygus 3756 AM
Hebrew Exodus 3817 AM
Flood of Deucalion 4038 AM
Conquest of Troy 4330 AM
Temple of Solomon 4478 AM
First Olympic Games 4733 AM
Foundation of Rome 4752 AM
Hebrew Exile 4895 AM
Advent of the Lord 5509 AM

(Universal history in bold.)

Calender Eras

Era Origin
Anno Mundi Genesis
Anno Domini Advent of the Lord
Anno Martyrum Reign of Diocletian
Anno Græcorum Reign of Seleucus
Anno Urbis Conditæ Foundation of Rome
Olympiad Olympic Games

Traditionally, particular years were told in relation to a ruler or event. Christians count from the genesis of creation, except for the Alexandrians, which count from Diocletian’s persecution, & the Latins, which count from the Advent of the Lord.

Wonders

The Hanging Gardens are also called the Walls of Babylon. It was built during the reign of the Babylonian king Nabuchodonosor.

The Pyramid was built during the reign of the Memphis king Suphis (3103 AM), but Herodotus says Cheops.

Money

Roman Greek Persian
Nummus = 1 nummus Drachma = 1 drachma —————
Follis = 40 nummi Mina = 100 drachmæ Siglus = 1 siglus
Solidus = 420 folles Talent = 60 minæ Daric = 20 sigli
Russian British
Kopeck = 1 kopeck Penny = 1 penny
—————— Shilling = 12 pence
Ruble = 100 kopecks Pound = 20 shillings

Silver coins were fist minted by Allyattes, king of Lydia. Gold coins were first minted by Cyrus, king of Persia, when he conquered Lydia.

References

Politics

Nations

Christian

Greek

Latin

German

Russian

Georgian

Related
Politics · History · Philosophy