Letters
| Slavonic | Latin | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| а | а́зъ | a | áz |
| б | буки | b | buki |
| в | ве́ди | v | védi |
| г | глаго́ль | g | glagól' |
| д | добро̀ | d | dobrè |
| e (є) | е́сть | e | ést' |
| ё | ё́ | ë o | ë́ |
| ж | живе́тe | ž | živéte |
| (ѕ) | (зeло̀) | (z) | (zelò) |
| з | зeмля̀ | z | zemlyà |
| и | и́же | i | íže |
| й | и краткоe | y | i kratkoe |
| (і ї) | (ѝ) | (i) | (ì) |
| к | ка́ко | k | káko |
| л | лю́дйе | l | lyúdye |
| м | мꙑсле́тe | m | mysléte |
| н | на́шъ | n | náš |
| о (ѻ) | о́нъ | o | ón |
| (ѡ) | (оме́га) | (o) | (oméga) |
| п | поко́й | p | pokо́y |
| р | рьцì (рцы̀) | r | r’tsì (rtsỳ) |
| с | сло́во | s | slóvo |
| т | тве́рдо | t | tvérdo |
| у (ѹ ꙋ) | у́къ | u | úk |
| ф | фе́ртъ | f | fért |
| х | хе́ръ | kh | khér |
| (ѿ) | (о́тъ) | (ot) | (ót) |
| ц | цй (цы̀) | ts c | tsy (tsỳ) |
| ч | че́рвь | č | čérv' |
| ш | ша̀ | š | šà |
| щ | ща̀ (шта̀) | šč | ščà (štà) |
| ъ | е́ръ | ér | |
| ꙑ | е́ры̀ | y | érỳ |
| ь | oе́рь | ' | ér' |
| (ѣ) | (я́ть) | (e) | (yát') |
| э | е оборóтное | e | e oborótnoe |
| ю | ю̀ | yu | yù |
| (ꙗ) | (я̀) | (ya) | (yà) |
| (ѥ) | (ѐ) | (ye) | (yè) |
| (ѫ) | (ю́съ большой) | (yu) | (yús bol’šoy) |
| я (ѧ) | я̀ (ю́съ ма́лый) | ya | yà (yús mály) |
| (ѯ) | (ксѝ) | (ks) | (ksì) |
| (ѱ) | (псѝ) | (ps) | (psì) |
| (ѳ) | (фита̀) | (f) | (fità) |
| (ѵ) | (и́жица) | (i) | (ížitsa) |
| (ҁ) | (копа) | ( ) | (kopa) |
| (ꙉ) | (джeрв) | (dž) | (džerv) |
The letter э is only used for foreign words & is not in any natural Slavonic words.
Regarding translating ц: ts for ц is præferred for Russian, whereas c is for Serbian.
When a name ends with ий or ие it is translated as y.
When translating Latin letters into Slavonic, г is used for h, & ф or в for th, depending on if it is aspirate or medial.
Ligatures
| Ligature | Parts |
|---|---|
| ꙑ | ъі |
| ѭ | іѫ |
| ѩ | іѧ |
Further, certain letters are compositions of Greek letters. Those are:
| Ligature | Parts |
|---|---|
| ѹ ꙋ | ου |
| ѿ | ωτ |
| ц | στ |
| ч | χι |
| ш | σσ |
| щ | σστ |
| ю | ιο |
| ꙗ | ια |
| ѥ | ιε |
Pronunciation
| Letter | Sound |
|---|---|
| а о | a |
| (аѵ) | (av) |
| б | b |
| в | v |
| г | g |
| д | d |
| e ꙑ э (ѣ) | e |
| (єѵ) | (ev) |
| ё о́ (ѡ) | o |
| ж | dgi |
| (ѕ) | (dz) |
| з | z |
| и й (і ѵ) | i |
| к (ҁ) | c |
| л | l |
| м | m |
| н | n |
| п | p |
| р | r |
| с | s |
| т | t |
| у (ѫ) | u |
| ф (ѳ) | f |
| х | h |
| (ѿ) | (ot) |
| ц | ts |
| ч | tci |
| ш | ci |
| щ | citci |
| ъ ь (ҁ) | |
| ю (ѭ) | iu |
| я (ꙗ ѧ ѩ) | ia |
| (ѱ) | (ps) |
| (ѯ) | (cs) |
In Serbian, я is pronounced as e.
In Bulgarian, ъ is pronounced somewhere between á & ó.
Serbian
The Serbians adopted the Cyrillic alphabet for writing, but Vuk Karadžits (†7372) added five letters:
| Letter | Translation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| ђ | đ | dgi |
| ј | j | i |
| љ | lj | li |
| њ | nj | ni |
| ћ | ć | tci |
| џ (ꙉ) | dž | dgi |
Measures
Lengths
| Measure | Definition | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| tóčka | = 1/2800 | Point |
| líniya | = 1/280 | Line |
| dyim | = 1/28 | Inch |
| veršók | = 1/16 | Knuckle |
| ladon' | = 3/28 | Palm |
| pyad' | = 1/4 | Span |
| phut | = 3/7 | Foot |
| lokot' | = 9/14 | Cubit |
| šag | = 1 | Pace |
| aršín | = 1 | Yard |
| sážen' | = 3 | Fathom |
| verstá | = 1500 | Mile |
- The inch (dyim) is also called the digit (perst).
- The span (pyad’) is also called the quarter (čétvert’).
All measures are defined by the aršín. In prior times, they were defined by the cubit. In 7208 AM, Emperor Peter I defined the aršín as twenty-eight English inches.